National Defence

The Canadian parliamentary committee on National Defence met to discuss the new Defence Industrial Strategy, focusing on how it will affect Canada's defence industry and military buying processes. Mélanie Lussier from Aéro Montréal and Mike Mueller from the Aerospace Industries Association of Canada both welcomed the strategy, especially for the aerospace sector, which has both civilian and military uses. They highlighted that Canada needs to support its existing strengths in aerospace and make it easier for Canadian companies to sell products to our own military. They also stressed the need for faster and more predictable ways for the government to buy defence equipment. Robert Asselin from U15 Canada emphasized that Canada must build its own defence technology and talent, not just spend more money. He pointed out that Canadian universities are not getting enough defence research funding compared to other countries. Paul Ziadé from the Alliance of Canadian Defence Companies argued that Canada should prioritize Canadian-owned businesses that develop their own technology. He also said that small and medium-sized businesses need easier access to government contracts and faster approval processes. Committee members discussed how to balance buying equipment from allies with building Canada's own capacity, especially for urgent needs. There was also talk about the new Defence Investment Agency, which aims to speed up military purchases, and a new research program called BOREALIS. Witnesses agreed that a clear plan for what Canada needs to defend itself is still missing, and that a national strategy for the aerospace industry is important. They also highlighted the need to include diverse groups, like Indigenous peoples and women, in the growing defence workforce.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss the experiences of francophone and indigenous members in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). The committee heard from two witnesses: Chief Warrant Officer Becky MacIsaac, who spoke about her experiences as a Métis woman and francophone in the CAF, and Debbie Eisan, representing the Assembly of First Nations and the First Nations Veterans Council, who discussed barriers to recruitment, retention, and career advancement for Indigenous members. Becky MacIsaac highlighted the importance of bilingualism in the CAF and the challenges in accessing language training. She noted that while francophone members are generally well-integrated, more opportunities are needed to use French regularly. Debbie Eisan emphasized the need for cultural competency training for recruiters, addressing institutional racism, and providing better support for Indigenous families. She suggested including Indigenous knowledge keepers on bases and translating public materials into Indigenous languages. Committee members asked questions about changes in attitudes towards Indigenous and francophone people in the military, the effectiveness of current recruitment programs, and ways to improve integration and retention. There was discussion about the Canadian Rangers program and the importance of recognizing their service. Eisan also spoke about the importance of Indigenous languages and culture, and the need for the CAF to work with Indigenous communities and organizations to address the unique challenges faced by Indigenous members. Several committee members complimented MacIsaac on her French language skills. Eisan recommended that the committee extend the study by one meeting to hear from more First Nations voices. The committee also discussed upcoming informal meetings with international delegations and plans for a trip to the Northwest Territories to study NORAD modernization. The committee identified the need for more support for Indigenous members and their families, improved cultural competency training, and increased efforts to address systemic barriers to recruitment, retention, and career advancement.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss contaminated sites managed by the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces. The meeting focused on specific issues in Shannon, Quebec, and Terrebonne, Quebec. Witnesses included Sarah Perreault, the mayor of Shannon, and Serge Villandré, the chief administrative officer of Terrebonne. Mayor Perreault spoke about trichloroethylene (TCE) contamination in Shannon from 26 years ago, noting that while a water system was installed to address it, the ground remains contaminated. She highlighted the difficulties in working with National Defence due to its hierarchical structure and the challenges Shannon faces with unexploded ammunition on adjacent land. She also mentioned a lack of communication regarding a project to build 1,100 housing units in Shannon, and the financial impact of the military base on the town. Serge Villandré discussed the former Saint-Maurice test shooting range in Terrebonne, which is contaminated with unexploded ammunition. He emphasized the ecological value of the land and the need for decontamination to allow for community use and development, including building schools and an industrial park. Villandré stated that the City of Terrebonne had to spend $1.7 million to decontaminate part of the site for an interchange project and argued that the federal government should take responsibility for the full decontamination and compensate the city. Committee members questioned the witnesses about the extent of the contamination, the impact on property values and development, and the communication between the municipalities and National Defence. The committee acknowledged the need for improved communication and collaboration between the federal government and municipalities to address contaminated sites and support community development.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss the Defence Investment Agency (DIA) and its role in modernizing Canada's defence procurement system. Doug Guzman, the DIA's chief executive officer, explained the agency's goal is to streamline how Canada buys military equipment and ensure investments benefit the Canadian economy. He highlighted the agency's focus on building domestic capabilities, partnering with allies, and buying efficiently, emphasizing a "build-partner-buy" approach. Guzman also addressed concerns about potential conflicts of interest due to his past business dealings, assuring the committee that processes are in place to prevent favouritism. Committee members questioned Guzman on his lack of direct defence experience and how the DIA would ensure transparency and accountability in its procurement processes. Committee members explored how the DIA would integrate Canadian innovation, particularly from sectors like mining, into defence procurement. Guzman explained that the DIA would score proposals based on Canadian content, job creation, and technology transfer. He also mentioned the importance of identifying and supporting sovereign capabilities within Canada's defence industry. The committee also discussed how the DIA would work with other departments, such as National Defence and Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada, to avoid duplication and ensure clear lines of responsibility. Guzman acknowledged past reform attempts and stressed the need for relentless pursuit of change. Several committee members raised concerns about the DIA's ability to balance speed and rigour in procurement, as well as ensuring Canadian sovereignty in defence capabilities. Guzman and his team emphasized the importance of early engagement with industry, streamlined processes, and a focus on Canadian content in procurement decisions. They also highlighted the DIA's efforts to accelerate procurement timelines and reduce reliance on foreign sources. The committee also discussed the DIA's budget, staffing, and security protocols. The committee requested additional information in writing on several topics, including the criteria for medium- and high-risk projects and the steps taken for security screening of DIA personnel. The committee explored the DIA's role in promoting Canadian defence exports and ensuring that these exports do not fall into the hands of hostile powers. Guzman emphasized the importance of evaluating each situation on a case-by-case basis and adhering to Canadian laws and values. The committee also discussed the DIA's plans to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the defence sector and to foster innovation in Canadian defence capabilities. The committee also discussed the DIA's plans to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the defence sector and to foster innovation in Canadian defence capabilities. The committee meeting concluded with a discussion of the DIA's key performance indicators (KPIs) and its commitment to transparency and accountability. Guzman committed to providing regular updates to the committee on the DIA's progress and performance. The committee members thanked Guzman and his team for their testimony and wished them well in their efforts to modernize Canada's defence procurement system.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss the experiences of Francophone and Indigenous members in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). Witnesses shared their experiences and suggestions for improvements. The committee heard that while Francophones are overrepresented in the CAF compared to the general population, they often face challenges using French in the workplace and accessing services in their preferred language. Indigenous members also face systemic barriers and may feel pressured to hide their identity. Stéphanie Chouinard, a professor at the Royal Military College of Canada, emphasized the need for a cultural shift within the CAF to embrace official languages, with increased opportunities for Anglophone members to learn and use French. Retired Captain Hélène Le Scelleur spoke about her experiences as a Francophone and Indigenous woman in the CAF, highlighting challenges in training, access to services (especially mental health care), and career progression. Lieutenant-General Michel Maisonneuve (Ret'd) stressed the importance of bilingualism as a leadership issue and a national advantage, advocating for increased language training and a greater emphasis on respect for both official languages. Eric Sauvé, a former officer, shared solutions from other Francophone members, emphasizing the need to address the double standard in language expectations and provide adequate resources for language training. Committee members discussed the challenges faced by Francophone soldiers working outside of Quebec, the need for better language training programs, and the impact of the CAF's restructuring on Francophone units. Witnesses recommended making full career training available in both official languages, guaranteeing immediate access to health services in the preferred language, and conditioning promotions on the equitable application of language requirements. They also emphasized the importance of leadership, accountability, and creating a supportive environment for Francophone and Indigenous members and their families. Witnesses generally agreed that while there have been improvements over time, significant gaps remain in ensuring equitable treatment and opportunities for Francophone and Indigenous members of the CAF. They stressed the need for a cultural shift, increased resources for language training, and greater accountability to ensure that policies are effectively implemented. The committee will use the testimony to inform its report and recommendations to the government. Several witnesses expressed concerns about proposed law C-11, suggesting the importance of choice for members to use the military or civilian system, especially in cases of trauma.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss the experiences of Francophone and Indigenous members within the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). Witnesses included academics and historians specializing in military personnel, Indigenous military history, and northern studies. The discussion covered recruitment, retention, organizational culture, and the role of the Canadian Rangers. Committee members explored challenges and potential improvements to better support and integrate these groups into the CAF. Grazia Scoppio highlighted that while Indigenous representation in the CAF is increasing, it still falls below recruiting goals and the overall Indigenous population in Canada. She pointed out issues with the slowness of the recruiting system and cultural challenges within the CAF that lead to early attrition. Danielle Teillet provided a historical overview, noting past discrimination and unequal treatment of Indigenous veterans. She emphasized the importance of understanding this history to address present-day issues. P. Whitney Lackenbauer focused on the Canadian Rangers as a successful model of Indigenous-Crown partnership, emphasizing their role in providing a military presence in remote areas. He suggested that official statistics under-represent Indigenous participation in the Rangers. Peter Kikkert spoke about the Rangers' critical role in emergency response in northern communities and recommended making it easier to use the Rangers, providing them with necessary tools and training, and supporting their well-being. Committee members discussed ways to improve recruitment and retention, address systemic issues, and better recognize the contributions of Indigenous members. They also explored the potential for expanding the Canadian Rangers program and leveraging Indigenous languages and knowledge in military operations. The committee acknowledged the need for further analysis and action to create a more inclusive and supportive environment within the CAF.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss the situation of Francophone and Indigenous members in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). Committee members heard from Lieutenant-General Erick Simoneau, Major-General Martin Gros-Jean, and Anne Rahming, who are responsible for personnel management and official languages within the Department of National Defence and the CAF. They talked about the importance of diversity and inclusion in the military. Lieutenant-General Simoneau stated that 24% of the CAF is Francophone, which is higher than the national average. He said that Francophones often learn a second language early in their careers, while Anglophones tend to learn later. He also noted that Indigenous representation in the CAF is at 2.8%, and efforts are being made to increase this number. Major-General Gros-Jean emphasized the importance of bilingualism for operational effectiveness, especially in international deployments. Anne Rahming discussed the implementation of the modernized Official Languages Act and efforts to promote bilingualism within the CAF. Committee members asked about language training, recruitment challenges, and retention strategies. Concerns were raised about recruits who do not speak either official language fluently and the need for better language testing. The witnesses explained that language training is provided, and efforts are being made to ensure that all members can function in at least one official language. They also discussed initiatives to recruit and retain Indigenous members, such as the Indigenous Leadership Opportunity Year and summer camps. The committee acknowledged the importance of addressing systemic issues and promoting a culture of inclusivity within the CAF. The committee discussed the Canadian Rangers and the need to expand their capabilities, particularly in the Arctic. Members also raised concerns about security screening for new recruits, especially those from immigrant backgrounds. The witnesses assured the committee that thorough security checks are conducted to ensure that all members meet the required standards. The committee requested additional data on language proficiency and representation within the CAF. No specific decisions were made during the meeting, but the committee members emphasized the importance of ongoing efforts to promote diversity, inclusion, and bilingualism within the Canadian Armed Forces. They also highlighted the need for better language training, recruitment strategies, and retention programs to ensure that the CAF reflects the diversity of Canadian society.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss supplementary budget estimates for the Department of National Defence, the Canadian Armed Forces, the Canadian Coast Guard, and the Communications Security Establishment Canada. Minister of National Defence David McGuinty highlighted the need for increased defense spending to reach 2% of GDP, citing global instability and evolving threats. Key areas of focus included investments in military equipment, support for Canadian Armed Forces personnel, and expansion of the Canadian Coast Guard's security role. The committee also discussed investments in northern operations and partnerships with Indigenous communities. During the meeting, committee members questioned Minister McGuinty on various topics, including comments he made about a U.S. official and the government's response to attacks on Canadian forces in the Middle East. Conservative MP James Bezan pressed the Minister on whether he regretted calling the U.S. official's decision "principled" after learning about the official's anti-Semitic views. Bezan also questioned why the government didn't immediately inform Canadians about missile and drone attacks on Camp Canada in Kuwait. Minister McGuinty defended the government's approach, citing security concerns and coordination with allies. The committee also discussed the Canadian Rangers, the remotely piloted aircraft system, and support for Ukraine. Members inquired about plans to retire certain military fleets, investments in Arctic infrastructure, and the status of the remotely piloted aircraft system project. The Minister and other officials provided updates on these initiatives and addressed concerns about potential delays and the involvement of Canadian companies. Ultimately, the committee agreed to ban remote interpretation for future meetings and adopted a proposed budget of $500 for the study of the supplementary estimates. They also scheduled future meetings to discuss topics such as francophone and indigenous CAF members, DND and CAF contaminated sites, and a visit from the European Parliament security and defence committee.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss the connection between national defence, national security, and Canada's critical minerals sector. Witnesses Wendy Hadwen from the Department of National Defence and Isabella Chan from the Department of Natural Resources explained how Canada's critical mineral resources are important for economic and defence advantages. They highlighted the Defence Industrial Strategy, which aims to secure domestic supply chains for key materials like steel, aluminum, and critical minerals. The proposed law would allow the defence investment agency to negotiate stockpiling agreements and long-term purchases. Hadwen emphasized that Canada's defence sector significantly contributes to the economy through research and development. She also mentioned Canada's role in a NATO project to stockpile critical minerals like lithium and titanium, reducing reliance on external suppliers. Chan noted that critical minerals are now a global priority due to supply chain issues and increased defence spending. She pointed out that Canada has the potential to produce all 12 critical minerals identified by NATO and is taking steps to strengthen its supply chain through the Canadian Critical Minerals Strategy. During the meeting, committee members questioned the witnesses about using natural resources for leverage in negotiations and restoring investor confidence in Canada's mining sector. They also discussed the importance of domestic supply chains, reprocessing waste, and the need for regulatory certainty to attract investment. The committee explored the possibility of disruptions in supply chains and which minerals would be most at risk. The witnesses were also asked about the progress of creating critical mineral strategic reserves and whether Canada has sufficient stockpiles for military efforts. Later in the meeting, Cristina Pekarik, an economics and resource policy expert, testified about the fiscal aspects of critical and strategic minerals. She argued that critical minerals revenue could help finance Canada's defence commitments. Pekarik suggested modeling a pipeline of critical mineral projects to generate revenue for defence spending and highlighted the need to expedite project timelines. She also raised concerns about foreign ownership gaps and the lack of strategic mineral stockpiles in Canada. Pekarik recommended modernizing the critical minerals strategy, integrating defence fiscal capacity, and closing security gaps. The committee discussed various aspects of critical minerals, including the challenges of developing projects in the north, the competitiveness of Canadian production, and the importance of Indigenous partnerships. They also explored the need for greater control over the critical minerals value chain and the role of the Defence Production Act. The meeting concluded with a discussion on strategic stockpiles and the importance of knowing how much of each critical mineral Canada has and how those levels are determined.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss the connection between national defence, national security, and critical minerals. The committee members heard from several witnesses from the mining industry, research institutions, and advocacy groups. The discussion covered topics such as securing critical mineral supply chains, increasing domestic processing capacity, and the role of research and development in strengthening Canada's defence capabilities. Nadia Mykytczuk from Laurentian University emphasized that Canada's defence security depends on its mineral security. She suggested focusing on processing capacity and using mine waste as a strategic mineral reserve. Rodrigue Turgeon from MiningWatch Canada stressed the importance of environmental protection and Indigenous rights when developing mineral resources. He cautioned against prioritizing economic gains at the expense of human rights and environmental sustainability. Heather Exner-Pirot from the Macdonald-Laurier Institute highlighted the need to define critical minerals carefully and focus on those intentionally monopolized by China. Jim Balsillie from the Centre for International Governance Innovation argued that Canada's policy thinking is outdated and that the country needs to focus on owning intellectual property and data related to critical minerals. Sean Boyd from Agnico Eagle Mines Limited emphasized the importance of socio-economic benefits and community support in the Arctic, suggesting that strong communities contribute to strong sovereignty. The committee discussed potential next steps, including improving regulatory certainty for mining projects, investing in skills training and development, and fostering collaboration between government, industry, and research institutions. There was also discussion of how Canada can work with allies, such as Australia, to secure reliable supplies of strategic minerals and diversify supply chains.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss the connection between national defence, national security, and critical minerals. Witnesses from mining and business organizations spoke about Canada's potential to be a reliable supplier of critical minerals to allies, especially NATO, and how this relates to Arctic sovereignty and defence readiness. They emphasized the importance of secure supply chains and the need for Canada to increase its mineral extraction and processing capabilities. Speakers included Hudson Lester from the NWT and Nunavut Chamber of Mines, Photinie Koutsavlis from the Mining Association of Canada, Michael Gullo from the Business Council of Canada, and Jeff Gaulin from Vale Base Metals. The witnesses highlighted challenges such as lengthy project approval times, competition from countries with lower standards (like China), and the need for more investment in mining and refining infrastructure. They suggested solutions like streamlining regulations, offering tax incentives to encourage mining development, and creating a critical mineral reserve for defence purposes. The witnesses also discussed the importance of international cooperation and partnerships with allies to secure supply chains. Committee members debated the role of carbon pricing and environmental regulations in the mining sector's competitiveness. They also discussed the potential for stockpiling critical minerals and the need to balance economic development with responsible environmental practices and indigenous community engagement. The committee agreed to invite the Parliamentary Budget Officer to discuss reports on defence spending and the National Defence and Canadian Armed Forces Ombudsman to discuss a report on the Primary Reserve. They also agreed to invite the Minister of National Defence to discuss the Defence Industrial Strategy and to undertake a study of the Defence Industrial Strategy.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss the connection between national defence, national security, and critical minerals. The committee wanted to understand how securing access to these minerals impacts Canada's safety and economic well-being. Witnesses shared their expertise on international law, defence strategy, and mineral regulations. They talked about the importance of securing Canada's own supply of critical minerals, especially rare earth elements, and the risks of foreign control, particularly from China and the United States.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on National Defence met to discuss and amend a proposed law to update the National Defence Act. The committee worked through the proposed law clause by clause, considering and voting on several amendments. Witnesses Colonel Geneviève Lortie and Lieutenant-Colonel Matt MacMillan from the Canadian Armed Forces provided expert advice on the legal and practical implications of the proposed changes. Key discussions included ensuring victims' rights, providing support for accused individuals, and maintaining the independence of military judges. James Bezan (Conservative) introduced several amendments focused on these areas. Some amendments, like those ensuring victims can request a different liaison officer and extending certain rights to the accused, were supported across party lines. Other amendments sparked debate, particularly those concerning the role of the Minister of National Defence versus the Judge Advocate General in issuing guidelines and the provision of legal counsel to military members charged in civilian courts. Several amendments proposed by Mr. Bezan sought to set timelines for filling key military justice positions, aiming to address delays in appointments. The committee often debated whether changes should be implemented through legislation or policy, with some members arguing that policy allows for more flexibility and regular updates. Ultimately, the committee agreed to amend the proposed law, and decided to report the updated version back to the House of Commons. The committee agreed to reconsider one amendment to ensure consistency throughout the proposed law. They also decided to order a reprint of the proposed law as amended, for use by the House at the report stage. The committee will meet again on Monday to discuss further business.